Feasibility of using risk reminders to prevent falls, dehydration and pulmonary aspiration in nursing homes

Abstract

Background: Previous research has indicated an increased risk of dehydration, falls, and pulmonary aspiration among older adults in nursing homes, negatively impacting independence and quality of life. To provide high- quality care and prevent risks, it is crucial to be aware of residents’ difficulties, implement risk minimization strategies, and effectively communicate this information to all nursing home staff. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a set of risk reminders designed to caution against fall, dehydration, and pulmonary aspiration risks. Methods: All residents from CNS - Campus Neurológico were invited to participate if they met the eligibility criteria. At baseline, residents underwent a screening risk assessment, and corresponding risk reminders were assigned. The study included a daily record of falls, dehydration, and pulmonary aspiration events, as well as monthly interview assessments. Event data were compared with historical data extracted retrospectively from medical and nursing charts. Results: A total of 23 CNS residents participated in the study. Residents median satisfaction score on a 7-point Likert scale was 3.4 ± 0.2 (quite satisfied). Healthcare professionals assessed satisfaction and usability mean scores were 2.4 ± 0.2 (very satisfied) and 2.2 ± 0.1, respectively. The mean number of times per user that bracelets were removed was 1.78. The main reasons for removal included: lack of adjustability, forgetting the purpose of the bracelets, and a lack of habit. Conclusion: The results showed good adherence and acceptance of risk reminders by both residents and health professionals. Further studies are needed to investigate their efficacy in decreasing events in nursing homes.